The impact of these traits on interpersonal interactions can include aggression against others.

Researchers have distinguished between these two subtypes of narcissism.

However, such an association has not been empirically studied until now.

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This is the first large-scale research study to establish an association between narcissistic partner traits and PTSD symptoms.

According to the DSM-V, PTSD includes four main categories of symptom clusters, including intrusion symptoms (e.g.

intrusive thoughts or memories of the trauma), avoidance symptoms (e.g.

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an inability to enjoy things you loved), and alterations in arousal and reactivity (e.g.

hyperarousal, irritability, recklessness).

In this study, grandiose narcissism traits predictedintrusion and avoidancesymptoms of PTSD most strongly.

Partner traits in general also explained the most variance in intrusion and avoidance PTSD symptom clusters.

Love bombingis another manipulation tactic that can affect posttraumatic symptomology.

Their partners tended to mirror their hobbies, interests, and personalities, and call them their soulmates.

Arabi, S. (2023).

Day, N., Bourke, M., Townsend, M., & Grenyer, B. Pathological Narcissism: A Study of Burden on Partners and Family.Journal of Personality Disorders,34(6), 799-813.

Kjrvik, S. L., & Bushman, B. J.

Do narcissists venture to make romantic partners jealous on purpose?

An examination of motives for deliberate jealousy-induction among subtypes of narcissism.Personality and Individual Differences, 114,1015.